Hamas, meaning “enthusiasm” is an acronym of Harakat al-muqwamah al-Islamiyyah or the Islamic Resistance Movement. Hamas was founded during the First Intifada (1987-1991), which was the first uprising of the Palestinian people against Israel post 1967, after the war that led to the transfer of the West Bank and the Gaza strip to Israeli control. However, it must be made clear that when Israel captured these territories they were not independent Palestinian States. The West Bank had been annexed by Jordan after the 1948 war and all residents there were granted Jordanian citizenship.
http://www.thejerusalemgiftshop.com/israelnews/a-short-history-of-hamas/
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